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An accomplished author, avid researcher and a visionary, Virginia Henderson, is considered to be the most important nursing figure in the 20th century.APPLICATION TO NURSING PRACTICE
Henderson's Definition of Nursing is still directly applicable to professional nursing today. Nurses function to assist patients in activities of daily living, especially those who are incapable of doing so because of a debilitating condition.The 14 Fundamental Needs described by Henderson, has been very influential in the practice of nursing. It is very evident in the clinical settings how the nurse carries the tasked to assist the client in meeting his or her needs - may it be physical, social, emotional or spiritual by addressing the patient’s ability to breath normally, eat and drink adequately and eliminate body wastes as primary concerns that the nurse should address.
The devotion of nurses in the actual practice of 24hour – 7days a week reflects its incomparable value in task performance for it is the goal of nursing to promote a higher level of client dependence. But in the event that they still lack the strength and knowledge, nurses act as a temporary proxy in helping them meet their needs that neither the client nor the family can provide.
With the increasing incidence of stroke who’s suffering from disabilities including paralysis, the forth activity of “moving and maintaining desirable posture” for patient’s assistance can contribute to prevention of further bedsore and its complications. The paralyzed patient in the hospital primarily needs the nurses’ assistance in moving about and assuming various positions in the bed. While the patient remains helpless as to movement, the nurse aids the patient with the use of her knowledge and skills. Through turning patient to sides, chest tapping and the likes, pneumonia and pressure sores could be a distant possibility. Furthermore, during the whole hospitalization process, the nurse not only assists the client with mobility but also educates the client and the family as well. Through that, patient independence will be promoted as the client gains the strength and ability to perform activities of daily living. The family, too, acquiring knowledge in the care of a family member with disability can take on the challenge of caring and assisting the client at home after being discharged from the hospital.
Breathing is vital and Henderson’s first basic need of breathing normally is at most assessed at all times. Administration of oxygen should be given accordingly. Her application on nursing gives assertion to initiate immediate provision of biological needs such as nasogastric tube insertion for feeding to maintain nourishment, while catheterization is suggested for patients requiring general surgeries to help them excrete waste while on the process of inability to do it consciously.
Meeting the 14 fundamental needs of the client has been a great basis to further improve our performances towards nursing care. It has been the day-to-day components of delivering nursing care core from infancy to senescence.
She further elaborated that the mind and body is inseparable and comprised as one entity. Her patient-centered theory stressed the importance of the nurse's relationship to the patient and the development of nursing practices. As a direct care giver, it will be rewarding to see the patient as he progresses to independence. The promotion of assessment, planning, implementation and evaluation of the 14 components of basic nursing as a core basis should be considered at all times.
INFLUENCE ON NURSING EDUCATION
Henderson has made numerous contributions in the nursing profession which has been a basis of most nursing schools. One of her long list of contributions is her well known definition of nursing which calls for the nurse to be an expert and an independent practitioner being equipped with the right knowledge in basic nursing care to achieve its goal’s definition. Her definition along with the 14 basic needs brought tremendous changes in our field of practice. It has made advancement, especially in the teaching of nursing interventions relevant to specific disease conditions. The 14 fundamental needs, as proposed by the theorist, lead a great emphasis on the assistive and supportive role of the nurse in managing patient care. Moreover, as reflected on Henderson’s 1959 revision of Harmer’s textbook “Principles and Practice of Nursing”, the use of nursing process is also significant. The theorist stated that, “In order to meet the person’s health it is necessary to know him and his family, this can only be accomplished by being with them and studying them”. She postulates, as part of the nursing process, that the nurse has to come up with a plan of care and to develop an effective plan for the patient collection of necessary information (case study) thus failure to prepare adequate information would result in rendering a low quality of routine care.Henderson’s designed three phases of curriculum in her book “The Nature of Nursing: A Definition and Its Implications for Practice, Research and Education”. It implies that students should progress through in their learning. The focus in all three phases remains the same – assisting the patient when he needs strength, will or knowledge in performing his daily activities or in carrying out prescribed therapy with the ultimate goal of independence. Furthermore, these three phases of curriculum emphasized the importance for the students to be involved in the complete study of the patient and all his needs. She also stressed the importance of having nursing students to develop a habit of inquiry; take courses in biological, physical, and social sciences and in the humanities; study with students in other fields, observe effective care, and give effective care in a variety of settings.
According to Henderson, Nursing is a universal occupation and a higher education allows us to do it better. She emphasized, which all of us strongly agrees, that education will bring forth the advance knowledge and gained more confidence to act independently with unique skills and mastery. Since the patients presents with problems of greater complexity, it is through advance study that we can explore the in depth understanding of illness complexities and its management to modify the nurse’s care plan.
APPLICATION TO NURSING RESEARCH
Research is a breakthrough of unending search for the betterment of patient care. Henderson’s belief of formulating her work with unending polishing has lead to other theorists’ well-defined frameworks. Her work has been a foundation for improving the preparation for nursing. She even emphasized the importance of research in evaluating and improving the nurses’ practice.Henderon's theory on the Definition of Nursing and each of the 14 fundamental components for basic nursing care arose research questions, where nurse’s function to assume responsibility for identifying problems, for continually validating our functions for improving the methods we use and for reassuring the effectiveness of nursing care as well. Maximizing the utilization of different resources of knowledge from the libraries are encouraged to be used.
She concluded that, “No profession, occupation or industry in this age can evaluate adequately or improve its practice without research”. Her strong advocacy for nursing brings forth a challenge to all of us to identify new needs beyond the 14 she enumerated. Henderson’s believe that research in nursing is essential for nursing practice in the age of technological advancements.
She concluded that, “No profession, occupation or industry in this age can evaluate adequately or improve its practice without research”. Her strong advocacy for nursing brings forth a challenge to all of us to identify new needs beyond the 14 she enumerated. Henderson’s believe that research in nursing is essential for nursing practice in the age of technological advancements.
Bibliography:
- Parker,M. (2001). NursingTheories and Nursing Practice .Philadelphia:Davis.
- Mc Ewen, M. & Wills E. (2006). Theoretical Basis for Nursing (2nd ed.). Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
- Nursing Forum Vol. 38, No. 3, July-September, 2003
- Journal of Nursing Management, 2000, 8, 83-87
- Nursing Theorist and Their Work, 4th Ed. Ann Marriner Tomey and Martha Raile Alligood
- www.fotosearch.com
Contributors:
Acebuche, Malvin - Dubai, UAE
Agtagma, Donna May –Taguig City, Philippines
Albiso, Mary Abigail - Davao City, Philippines
Ang, Raymond John- Bacolod City, Philippines
Batingana, Aisha John - Davao City, Philippines
Baylosis, Chino –Davao City, Philippines
Agtagma, Donna May –Taguig City, Philippines
Albiso, Mary Abigail - Davao City, Philippines
Ang, Raymond John- Bacolod City, Philippines
Batingana, Aisha John - Davao City, Philippines
Baylosis, Chino –Davao City, Philippines
Posts
Dear groupmates, here is my contribution to the group blog. I believe that the group blog made was very detailed, insightful and refreshing . Moreover, the Nursing care plan operationalized by Henderson is a vital component of the Henderson blog.
Sincerely,
MARIEL C. BALOT
THE NURSING PROCESS AS OPERATIONALIZED BY HENDERSON’S MODEL
Using the 14 components of basic nursing care
Nursing Process
Henderson’s 14 components and definition of nursing
Nursing Assessment
The first step is to identify the 14 basic needs that are not being satisfied by the patient . In here, both the nurse and the patient would have to reach a common ground. Upon reaching a common decision as to what problems need primal care, the nurse would have to make a though assessment as to the possible causes of the priority problem. Using the 14 Henderson compenents, data to knowledge base of health and disease will be compared.
Nursing Diagnosis
Identify individual’s ability to meet own needs with or without assistance, taking into consideration strength, will or knowledge
Nursing plan
Documentation on how the nurse can assist the individual is important here.
The long term goal for the client is for him to gain his optimum independence with regard to his basic needs. Thus, the short term goals would have to be directed at fulfilling these long term goals. Observable behavior are vital because this are crucial in evaluating the success of the nursing interventions.
Nursing implementation
Assist the sick or well individual in to performance of activities in meeting human needs to maintain health, recover from illness, or to aid in peaceful death
Nursing interventions are based on the physiological principles, age, cultural background, emotional balance, and physical and intellectual capacities of the patient. Implementations may be one of the following:
Positive reinforcement, completions of tasks, administration of drugs & treatment prescribed by the physician and usage of the factors that would aid in the recovery of the patient’s health.
Nursing evaluation
In using the Henderson theory, an important question to answer is to find out if the client has achieved independence in carrying out his basic needs. The quality of patient care and the speed with which the patient performs independently the activities of daily living is of paramount importance in the success of patient care.
Contributor
Balot, Mariel C., Philippines
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